geography beginner 10 sample questions

Glaciers And Ice Formations MCQ Practice Test

Learn about the massive ice sheets and glaciers that shape the planet's surface.

Q1. What is the name of the landform that forms when a glacier's movement is impeded by a rock or hill, causing the ice to pile up?

Explanation: A push moraine is a landform created when a glacier pushes and piles up debris, including ice, at its terminus or along its sides. This process can be influenced by obstacles like rocks or hills, causing the glacier to compress and build up material.

Q2. What is the term for the sharp, knife-edged ridge that forms when glaciers erode two adjacent valleys on opposite sides of a mountain?

Explanation: An arete (from French, 'fish bone') is the jagged ridge left between two glacial valleys or cirques; a cirque is the bowl-shaped hollow where a glacier originates.

Q3. What is the name of the glacial lagoon located at the edge of Vatnajökull glacier in Iceland, known for its icebergs?

Explanation: Jökulsárlón is a glacial lagoon located at the edge of Vatnajökull glacier in Iceland. It is famous for its icebergs that break off from the glacier and float in the lagoon.

Q4. What is the name of the landform created when a glacier flows downhill and carves a U-shaped valley?

Explanation: A U-shaped valley is a valley with a characteristic U shape, formed by the erosion of a glacier.

Q5. Which type of édifice is formed when a glacier flows over a steep slope and creates a semicircular basin?

Explanation: A cirque is a type of édifice formed when a glacier flows over a steep slope and creates a semicircular basin. This type of landform is typically found in mountainous regions and is a result of glacial erosion.

Q6. What is the name of the landform created when a glacier carves a U-shaped valley, often found along coastlines?

Explanation: A fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by glacial erosion. They are commonly found along coastlines, particularly in areas that experienced glaciation.

Q7. What is the process called when a glacier flows into the ocean and ice breaks off to form a steep cliff?

Explanation: Calving is the process by which icebergs break off from a glacier or ice sheet into a body of water. This process often results in the formation of steep cliffs where the ice meets the water.

Q8. What is the name of a large rock transported by a glacier and deposited in an area with different geology?

Explanation: An erratic is a rock transported by a glacier and deposited in an area with different geology. They are often large and easily identifiable as they are different from the surrounding bedrock.

Q9. What is the name of the bowl-shaped depression formed by glacial erosion, typically found at the head of a valley, characterized by a steep headwall and a flat or gently sloping floor?

Explanation: A cirque is a bowl-shaped depression formed by glacial erosion, typically found at the head of a valley. Glaciers carve out these features through abrasion and plucking, creating a steep headwall and a flat or gently sloping floor.

Q10. What is the name of the landform that is created when a glacier carves a valley, resulting in a U-shaped profile with steep sides?

Explanation: A U-shaped valley is the characteristic landform created by glacial erosion. Glaciers carve out the valley floor, widening and deepening it, while also steepening the sides, resulting in the distinctive U-shape.

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Glaciers And Ice Formations MCQ Practice Test | Mind Hustle